Why do we calculate mass and balance?

Why do we calculate mass and balance?

To be within aircraft design limitations with regards to:

Structural limitations

Stability

Take-off and landing performance

What does a bypass ratio of 11:1 mean?

What does a bypass ratio of 11:1 mean?

For every 1kg of air passing through the combustion chamber, 11kg of air pass bypass the combustion chamber.

If you climb to FL300 at a constant IAS of 250kts, what would happen to the TAS?

If you climb to FL300 at a constant IAS of 250kts, what would happen to the TAS?

TAS will increase.

Can you explain what a coastal breeze is?

Can you explain what a coastal breeze is?

A coastal breeze is a wind from the sea that develops over land near coasts.

It is formed by increasing temperature differences between the land and water; these create a pressure minimum over the land due to its relative warmth, and forces higher pressure, cooler air from the sea to move inland.

Generally, air temperature gets cooler relative to nearby locations as one moves closer to a large body of water.

What is a wing tip?

What is a wing tip?

A wing tip is the part of the wing that is the most distant from the fuselage of a fixed-wing aircraft.

At high altitudes, what speed do aircrafts climb on?

At high altitudes, what speed do aircrafts climb on?

Mach number

What is induced drag?

What is induced drag?

Induced drag and its wing tip vortices are a direct consequence of the creation of lift by the wing.

Since the Coefficient of Lift is large when the Angle of Attack is large, induced drag is inversely proportional to the square of the speed whereas all other drag is directly proportional to the square of the speed.

The effect of this is that induced drag is relatively unimportant at high speed in the cruise and descent where it probably represents less than 10% of total drag. In the climb, it is more important representing at least 20% of total drag. At slow speeds just after take off and in the initial climb, it is of maximum importance and may produce as much as 70% of total drag.

Finally, when looking at the potential strength of wing tip vortices, all this theory on induced drag must be moderated by the effect of aircraft weight. Induced drag will always increase with aircraft weight.

How does an altimeter work and which errors can an altimeter experience?

How does an altimeter work and which errors can an altimeter experience?

When an aircraft climbs, the static pressure in the instrument case decreases, which allows the enclosed capsule to expand.

This in turn moves the needle on the instrument to indicate a corresponding altitude.

During descent, the opposite function applies.

Altimeter errors can originate and vary from:

Instrument Pressure Time-lag Barometric Density Temperature Blocked static port

Where does a swept wing stall first?

Where does a swept wing stall first?

At the tip

Does a jet have a critical engine? Why yes or no?

Does a jet have a critical engine? Why yes or no?

No, there is no P-factor (asymmetric blade effect) as on a propeller-driven aircraft.

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